Everything people can imagine, will other people invent sometime.
Jules Verne
In the year 2025 PC and Hypertext will give everybody an IQ from 300
Ted Nelson
Largest internet company of 2030 will be an online school
Thomas Frey Thomas Frey Homepage
Definition of the Internet from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Internet (contraction of interconnected network) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and file sharing.
Internet-Timeline
| Year | Internet User in millions | Invention |
| 1945 | Vannevar Bush proposes Memex
More: Vannevar Bush More: As we may think |
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| 1961 | Credit for the initial concept that developed into the World Wide Web is typically given to Leonard Kleinrock. In 1961, he wrote about ARPANET, the predecessor of the Internet, in a paper entitled “Information Flow in Large Communication Nets.” Kleinrock, along with other innnovators such as J.C.R. Licklider, the first director of the Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO), provided the backbone for the ubiquitous stream of emails, media, Facebook postings and tweets that are now shared online every day. Here, then, is a brief history of the Internet:
The precursor to the Internet was jumpstarted in the early days of computing history, in 1969 with the U.S. Defense Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). ARPA-funded researchers developed many of the protocols used for Internet communication today. |
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| 1962 | The internet timeline, or the internet history, goes back to the 60’s when J.C.R Licklider and Welden Clark published the paper “On-Line Man-Computer Communication”, which set the first building blocks of inter-networking. | |
| 1965 | Two computers at MIT Lincoln Lab communicate with one another using packet-switching technology. | |
| Ted Nelson coins the word “hypertext”
More: Hypertext |
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| 1967 | The Hypertext Editing System and FRESS, Brown University, Andy van Dam | |
| 1968 | Doug Engelbart demo of NLS system at FJCC | |
| 1978 | Aspen Movie Map, first hypermedia videodisk, Andy Lippman, MIT Architecture Machine Group (now Media Lab) | |
| 1982 | Peter Brown at the University of Kent developed Guide
More: Guide |
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| 1984 | Filevision from Telos; limited hypermedia database widely available for the Macintosh | |
| 1985 | Symbolics Document Examiner, Janet Walker | |
| Intermedia, Brown University, Norman Meyrowitz | ||
| 1986 | OWL introduces Guide, first widely available hypertext | |
| 1987 | Apple introduces HyperCard, Bill Atkinson
More: Hypercard |
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| Hypertext’87 first major conference on hypertext | ||
| 1989 | One of the most influenced research article for me was: “Hypertext-Does It Reduce Cholesterol, Too?, 1989, Norman Meyrowitz, in From Memex to Hypertext”.
In this article Norman Meyrowitz wrote: My contention is that if hypermedia is to catch on and secure its place in the computing repertoire, we have to integratehypermedia features into the standard desktop environment that we are all used to today. The infrastructure has to be integrated into the standard computing environments and standard networks of today and tomorrow. There’s an installed base of 30 million IBM PCs and compatibles and 3 or 4 million Macintoshes. It is fairly egocentric to have anyone in the field of hypermedia say “We’re just going to create a new environment, and it’s going to be a wholesale replacement for all the existing environments that people are using.” Instead we have to work somewhat “within the system” to create an exciting environment. But I think existing personal computer systems are set up so that we can create stimulating information environments. The next third of this discussion looks at how all of this might work, how we might integrate hypermedia technologies into the desktop of tomorrow. Based on the peoples requirements. What do people want to do, in terms of hypermedia, he found the necessary elements of thedesktop of tomorrow. Let us start with the requirements. What do Genius/peak performance people want to do, with hypermedia. They want to create content -graphics, text, and so forth. They want to reference things. They want to associate content. They want to have references not only to static media but to dynamic media. They want to do some filtering and querying and searching on that information. They want information processed automatically. They want to work in groups. They´d like to have some semantics to their information so it has some intellgibility. And they´d like to have some standard information services. Based on this requirements, Norman Meyrowitz suggested the following functions of the the Desktop of Tomorrow: Content-Management Functions The different types of information that people want to link together ranges from text to graphics, drawings, animations, voice, music, videos, maps a.s.o.. One of the main questions we must aks is “Can any hypermedia system provide all of these types of content?” Can Intermediaprovide all those kinds of applications ? Can IBM, Microsoft, Apple Products do all of this ? No. So it stands to reason that if one Software Company can´t provide a hypermedia environment, that people need, that the only way to get such solution is to integrate those software, that meets the requirements of people have to be integrated. Such a Solution can handle apropriate content, while hypermediafunctionality is built into the desktop and mobile systems. Let us look at the functions that meet the requirements. Those functions are: -Anchors -Navigational links -Hot links -Active Anchors -Wayfinding -History -Paths/Trails -Maps -Filtering -Queries -Content Searching -Virtual Links -Automatic links -Group Work -Semantic Markup -Service -Anchors -Navigational links -Hot links -Active Anchors -Wayfinding -History -Paths/Trails -Maps -Filtering -Queries -Content Searching -Virtual Links -Automatic links -Group Work -Semantic Markup -Service |
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| 1990 | Tim Berners-Lee, a scientist at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, develops HyperText Markup Language (HTML). This technology continues to have a large impact on how we navigate and view the Internet today. | |
| 1991 | World Wide Web at CERN becomes first global hypertext | |
| 1992 | New York Times Book Review cover story on hypertext fiction | |
| 1993 | The number of websites reaches 600 and the White House and United Nations go online. Marc Andreesen develops the Mosaic Web browser at the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. The number of computers connected to NSFNET grows from 2,000 in 1985 to more than 2 million in 1993. The National Science Foundation leads an effort to outline a new Internet architecture that would support the burgeoning commercial use of the network. | |
| A Hard Day’s Night becomes the first full-length feature film in hypermedia | ||
| Hypermedia encyclopedias sell more copies than print encyclopedias | ||
| From 1993 until 1995 I worked with Guide | ||
| 1994 | Netscape Communications is born. Microsoft creates a Web browser for Windows 95. | |
| Yahoo! is created by Jerry Yang and David Filo, two electrical engineering graduate students at Stanford University. The site was originally called “Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web.” The company was later incorporated in March 1995. | ||
| 1995 | 16 | Compuserve, America Online and Prodigy begin to provide Internet access. Amazon.com, Craigslist and eBay go live. The original NSFNET backbone is decommissioned as the Internet’s transformation to a commercial enterprise is largely completed. |
| Amazon.com is founded by Jeff Bezos | ||
| In 1995 I switched to Treepad for Windows 10 Desktops and Laptops. Treepad added a main functionality, that Guide was missing. The flexible information structuring with trees. I´m still working with Treepad. But treepad is missing the synchronization functionality to my Ipad. Therefore I looked for a software, that provides the functions of guide and treepad plus the possibility to use it on my Ipad. | ||
| 1996 | 36 | Larry Page and Sergey Brins effort started off as a project hosted on Stanford servers called BackRub, so named since the system checked back-links to determine a site’s credibility. Within about a year, it quickly grew popular enough to warrant its own hosting and infrastructure outside of Stanford. An early project paper from 1997 is an interesting read and boldly predicted that “top search engines will handle hundreds of millions of queries per day by the year 2000.” There aren’t many screenshots of
BackRub. If you have more, please contact us to help document this. |
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1997
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70 | Google.com was registered on September 15th, 1997, and work began to port things over from BackRub to the new domain. Google the company did not yet exist, but the official domain name and very early branding allowed them to construct the first versions of Google as we know it today. |
| Netflix is founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph as a company that sends users DVDs by mail. | ||
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1998
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147 | 3G Networks were introduced |
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The Google search engine is born, changing the way users engage with the Internet. | |
| 2001
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513 | Microsoft started MyLifeBits. MyLifeBits is a Microsoft Research project. It was inspired by Vannevar Bush‘s hypothetical Memex computer system. The project includes full-text search, text and audio annotations, and hyperlinks. |
| 2003
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719 | Facemash. The underpinnings of the global phenomenon known as Facebook started in a Harvard University dorm room in October 2003. Mark Zuckerberg created a site called Facemash which compared Harvard student photos and asked users to pick the most attractive pictures. Zuckerberg was reprimanded by the school but ultimately allowed to stay after apologizing to students and facing the school administrative board.
More: Facemash WordPress started in 2003 when Mike Little and Matt Mullenweg created a fork of b2/cafelog. The need for an elegant, well-architected personal publishing system was clear even then. Today, WordPress is built on PHP and MySQL, and licensed under the GPLv2. It is also the platform of choice for over 32% of all sites across the web. The WordPress open source project has evolved in progressive ways over time — supported by skilled, enthusiastic developers, designers, scientists, bloggers, and more. WordPress provides the opportunity for anyone to create and share, from handcrafted personal anecdotes to world-changing movements. People with a limited tech experience can use it “out of the box”, and more tech-savvy folks can customize it in remarkable ways. |
| 2004
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817 | Facebook launched on February 4, 2004 under the name “Thefacebook.” It was a collaboration between Zuckerberg and his Harvard classmates Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. It had the same intent of modern-day facebook, which is to connect people. When it launched, it was limited to Harvard University students only. Oddly enough, the logo image at the time was a pixelated face of actor Al Pacino, revealed in David Kirkpatrick’s book “The Facebook Effect.” In March of that year, Thefacebook expanded to include more schools — Columbia, Stanford and Yale. Membership was verified for these schools due to users having to sign up with their school email addresses.
In September 2004, Thefacebook added “The Wall”. What it did was it allowed users to write personal musings and other tidbits on profile pages. There are no specific images of this feature, so there is (Obviously) nothing to show here. Facebook also furiously added colleges and universities to its service, allowing more and more people to connect to each other. |
| 2005
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1018 | YouTube.com launches. The social news site Reddit is also founded
Steven Davies wrote a whitepaper about Building the Memex 60 years later. More: cu-cs-997-05 |
| TheFacebook company dropped “The” from its name after purchasing the domain name facebook.com in 2005 for $200,000. In October 2005, Facebook expanded to Universities beyond the United States. (The United Kingdom, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands). In addition, a new logo was created for Facebook by design agency Cuban Council in San Francisco, California. This design had staying power and was kept until 2015 | ||
| 2006
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1093 | Scrivener Pioneer in Hypermedia Writing and Linking since 2006
More: Scrivener |
| 2008
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1574 | 4G Networks were introduced
More: 4G on Wikipedia |
| 2009
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1802 | The Internet marks its 40th anniversary |
| Whatsapp was introduced | ||
| 2010
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1971 | The social media sites Pinterest and Instagram are launched |
| 2015 | 3366 | Instagram, the photo-sharing site, reaches 400 million users, outpacing Twitter, which would go on to reach 316 million users by the middle of the same year |
| I switched to Scrivener for Windows 10 Mac and Linux Desktops, Laptops and Ipad | ||
| 2016 | 3696 | Google unveils Google Assistant, a voice-activated personal assistant program, marking the entry of the Internet giant into the “smart” computerized assistant marketplace. Google joins Amazon’s Alexa, Siri from Apple, and Cortana from Microsoft |
| I added the following requirements.
-Integration from Knowledge and Systems -Integrates all type of Media -Easy to build, easy to deploy and easy to use -Anwhere and Anyplace Time-Context-Information-Management -Cloud, Desktop/Laptop and Mobile Integration -Application and Apps Integration -Integrated index and search engines -Multiview Approach (Cards, Structure, Links) -Integrated User defined Digital Assistant To achieve personal peak performance in 2017 People need a solution, that works like an adaptable Information and Learning System for them. From my point of view, in 2016 there was no other hypermedia composing system, like Scrivener, on the market, that fits with the requirements form Norman Meyrowitz from 1989 and from ME in 2016. More: https://vimeo.com/242257109 |
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| 2018 | 4208 | 5G Networks were introduced
More: Internet World Statistics More: 5G on Wikipedia |
| … | … | … |
| 2025 | PC and Hypertext will give everybody an IQ from 300, Ted Nelson |
Definition of the Personet
A Personet is a system of interconnected personal hardware, software and Apps that uses personal and internet knowledge, Hyperlinks, Web-Links, Cloud Applications and Apps to empower people to become Superintelligent with an IQ of 300.
An example of an Personet is Superintelligence2525/Supi2525.
Please Click here to take a look in My Flipbook about Superintelligence2525
Timeline of My Supi2525 Personet Ecosystem
| 1986 | Finished my MBA master thesis about Customer oriented Databases –Requirements and Applications for Direct Communications. The master thesis already covers the analysis of Hypermedia for Direct Communications. | |
| 1987 | I bought and used OWL, Guide. The first widely available hypertext software for Windows. With Guide I build my first Hypermedia Knowledge Management System C.I.M.P. (Computer Integrated Management Planing). What I missed in Guide was a the structured Outline Feature and the All System use possibility. | |
| 1996 | 36 | Writing an article about Leadership through Information- and Learning Systems |
| 2015 | 3366 | I switched to Scrivener for Windows 10, Mac and Linux Desktops, Laptops and Ipad. Scrivener has all the things I missed in OWL, Guide. With Scrivener I started to compose, write my Superintelligence2525/Supi2525 Personet Ecosystem (E-Book + Software + Apps). |
| 2016 | Research and Context Integration of relevant Content. Adding the following requirements to Supi2525:
-Integration from Knowledge and Systems -Integrates all type of Media -Easy to build, easy to deploy and easy to use -Anwhere and Anyplace Time-Context-Information-Management -Cloud, Desktop/Laptop and Mobile Integration -Application and Apps Integration -Integrated index and search engines -Multiview Approach (Cards, Structure,Links) -Integrated User defined Digital Assistant
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| 2017 | Research and Context Integration of Internet Multimedia | |
| 2018 | 4208 | Definition and Implementation of the Supi2525 Ecosystem. Software, App and Cloud Selection and Implementation. |
| 2019 | Setup of my Blog Smarter Learning, Work and Healthcare 2019. In my private Blog in Work, I write about the Integration of Smarter Technologies into our private and business live. Business is People 🙂 This Blog is supported by: Apple, Samsung, Dexcom, WordPress, Linkedin, Pinterest, Twitter, Designrr, The Brain, Srivener, Youtube and M.I.T..For Supporting Requests contact ME: friedeljonker@gmail.com | |
| 2020 | Superintelligence2525/Supi2525 Personet will be introduced. This will bring every human an IQ from 300 to Desktop, Laptop, Tablet and Smartphone. |
A top futurist predicts the largest internet company of 2030 will be an online school
Global Internet Penetration in 2030
More: Internet 2030
Chris Weller
More: Future Prediction
Thirty years ago, it was a big deal when schools got their first computers. Today, it’s a big deal when students get their own laptops.
According to futurist Thomas Frey, in 14 years it’ll be a big deal when students learn from robot teachers over the internet.
It’s not just because the technology will be that sophisticated, Frey says, but because the company responsible for it will be the largest of its kind.
“I’ve been predicting that by 2030 the largest company on the internet is going to be an education-based company that we haven’t heard of yet,” Frey, the senior futurist at the DaVinci Institute think tank, tells Business Insider.
Frey’s prediction comes amid a boom in artificial intelligence research. Google is developing DeepMind, a complex piece of machine-learning software. IBM is developing Watson-powered robots. Amazon is developing drone delivery.
“Nobody has quite cracked the code for the future of education,” Frey contends.
His vision for 2030 includes a massively enhanced version of today’s open online courses — the kind of instruction you may find with Khan Academy, Coursera, or MIT OpenCourseWare. Only, the instructors won’t be humans beamed through videos. They’ll be bots, and they’ll be smart enough to personalize each lesson plan to the child sitting in front of the screen.
Frey suspects that kind of efficiency will allow students to learn at much faster rates than if they had to compete with 19 other students for the teacher’s attention. Students will breeze through their material at four or 10 times the speed, perhaps completing an undergraduate education in less than half a year.
“It learns what your proclivities are, it learns what your idiosyncrasies are,” he explains. “It learns what your interests are, your reference points. And it figures out how to teach you in a faster and faster way over time.”
He uses the example of Google’s DeepMind learning to play the Atari video game “Breakout.” Not only did it quickly pick up on the rules, but within a half hour it figured out a way to achieve incredibly high scores — all with little human input.
Machine learning will accelerate in a similar fashion in the education space, Frey says. Online bots will pick up on a student’s strengths and weaknesses and use a series of algorithms to tailor the lessons accordingly. Research suggests this personalized method is among the most effective at raising kids’ overall achievement.
Frey doesn’t go so far as to argue education bots will replace traditional schooling outright. He sees them more as a supplement, perhaps as a kind of tutor. If a child struggles with algebra, a bot may be able to offer some help during homework time or over the weekend.
It’s up for debate whether AI can master the subtleties of language, thought, and reason all within the next 14 years. One of the greatest hurdles for machine learning is grasping social interactions. Many AI systems today are still less capable (cognitively speaking) than a 6-year-old.
Frey trusts 14 years isn’t too generous a timeline for the technology to ramp up, given how quickly technology innovation builds on itself. The internet was just beginning to enter a lot of people’s homes 14 years ago, in 2002. But by 2007 people were already surfing the Web on their iPhones, and today the internet is almost omnipresent in daily life.
Frey predicts that artificial intelligence will have the same trajectory in the education space. By 2030, DeepMind’s ability to master “Breakout” could seem as quaint as dial-up modems do today, and what seemed like a massive library of online content in 2016 could look to future students like a skimpy collection that hardly does anything.
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